Saturday, February 22, 2014

Thoughts for the 7th Sunday after Epiphany

I was meeting someone for lunch on Friday and the television had Olympics coverage on.  It was a bit surprising to me that they were talking about Nancy Kerrigan and Tonya Harding, advertising the in-depth coverage that was supposed to be airing at a time I wasn’t too concerned about.  If you do a Google search there are articles about this month marking the 20th anniversary of the attack.  All I could wonder was, “Why are we back to this? Do we just have a need for drama and conflict?”  Sadly, I know the answer to that question. We do love drama and conflict, and not just the made up kind that comes in the form of movies and nighttime television.  Not many of us have to deal with not-so-random knee attacks by jealous ice skating competitors, but we do deal with other attacks: personal insults, slights, things like that.  Earlier in the morning I had been scrolling through my Facebook newsfeed and came across a meme that stated, “I love it when someone insults me. That means I don’t have to be nice anymore.” Since this was posted by one of my former parishioners, I thought about posting a snarky, but spiritually motivating comment about how Jesus would feel about that post, but I decided that holding my virtual tongue would be more charitable—and then I ended up using it as sermon fodder, so you can decide how charitable I’m really being…
Our passage this week has the single most challenging mandate given to the followers of Jesus, and yet it is perhaps the single most distinctive command/teaching that sets the followers of Jesus apart from anyone else.  
“You have heard it said, ‘Love your neighbor and hate your enemy,’ but I say to you, Love your enemies and pray for those who persecute you…For if you love those who love you, what reward do you have?”
“BAM!” says Emeril, right? (see last week’s post if you’re missing that one…)
Just as a refresher, let’s revisit the context statement for these particular words (from today’s passage.) Jesus says in earlier in Matthew chapter 5 that he has come “to make full, to complete, to put flesh to the words of the Law and the Prophets” and that unless the righteousness of his followers exceeds the that of the Scribes and Pharisees, there is no Kingdom of Heaven, there is no revelation of God’s Reigning on earth.  So, “you have heard it said…but I say to you…” or “That may be the letter of the Law…but this is Spirit behind it.”
In the pericope this week, we have Jesus beginning with “An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth,” which references the Jewish law of equitable retribution.  Most scholarship agrees that rather that setting a “bar of retaliation” this law was intended to limit retaliation and ought to be read “only an eye for an eye…nothing more.”  It was intended to prevent an escalation of force.
In the Sermon on the Mount Jesus takes the equitable retribution laws and gives us the fulfillment of it, turn the other cheek, give your cloak, walk an extra mile….love those who seek to do you harm and forgive those who have done you harm.
It is important to keep in mind that each of the examples Jesus uses have an explicit socio-political and historical context.  
To be struck on your right cheek means that someone has back handed you (or used their left hand which is sometimes referred to in middle eastern cultures as the wiping hand) which is an insult or given to someone who is intended to be reminded that they are inferior to the giver of the backhanded strike (meaning a slave, a servant, or, sadly, even a child or a woman).  If you were being sued for your coat, you were most likely indebted to someone much more powerful than you were and they were taking one of your two garments.  And if you were forced to go one mile…well the only people who could force you to go one mile were Roman Soldiers and they were using you as forced labor.
Each one of these examples reminded followers of Jesus that they were not in positions of power or authority AND that even when they were treated as less than human—the response was not equitable retribution.  Rather the response is a way of standing firm in our identity as Children of God.
Likewise, “enemy” for Jesus and for the disciples has a clear meaning: there were the families who were angry at the disciples for leaving all for the sake of following Jesus, for walking away from the family business, for abandoning loved ones. There were the religious leaders who cursed them for undermining the faith and for transgressing the Law. And, of course, there was Rome, and all of Rome’s occupying forces in the streets, and in the marketplaces, and in the Temple courtyard.  When Jesus speaks of enemy he is not speaking of an abstract concept.
N.T. Wright, pastor and theologian, and retired Anglican Bishop says, “Jesus’ examples are only little sketches…to give you the idea. Whatever situation you’re in, you need to think it through…what would it mean to reflect God’s generous love despite the pressure and provocation, despite your own anger and frustration?” (Matthew for Everyone, page 52) Jesus’ examples aren't’ meant to limit the expression of what loving our enemy looks like or who our enemy may be.
I am sure you have heard about the Michael Dunn trial in Florida. Dunn was on trial for the death of Jordan Davis.  He was convicted on three counts of attempted murder, but not for the actual death of Jordan Davis.  On the heels of George Zimmerman and Trayvon Martin, the Dunn acquittal had the media and social media spheres in an uproar.  I saw countless Twitter posts about loving our neighbor, (and how the acquittal was a gross failure of justice and thereby a failure to love our neighbor, Jordan Davis), but the one that caught my eye and caused me to stop and ponder said, “I must remember, as hard as it may be, that Michael Dunn is also my neighbor.”  Those we are quick to demonize--or dehumanize--with the label of enemy are precisely our neighbors.
“For if you love only those who are easy to love…how are you different from anyone else?” Daniel’s translation/paraphrase.
Wright also says, “The Sermon on the Mount isn’t just about us. If it was, we might admire it as a fine bit of idealism, but then we’d return to our normal lives. It’s about Jesus himself. This was the blueprint for his own life. He asks nothing of his followers that he hasn’t faced himself.” (Matthew… page 53)
Dietrich Bonhoeffer put it this way: “Here, in the Sermon on the Mount, we meet the word which sums up the whole of hit message, the word ‘love.’ Love is defined in uncompromising terms as the love of our enemies. Had Jesus only told us to love our brethren (sic), we might have misunderstood what he meant by love, but now he leaves us no doubt whatsoever as to his meaning.” (Cost of Discipleship, page 146)
One comedian, in speaking about Jesus’ command to care for the poor says that, If we aren’t going to do it, “either we have to pretend that Jesus was just as selfish as we are, or we've got to acknowledge that He commanded us to love the poor and serve the needy without condition and then admit that we just don't want to do it.”  Sadly, the same goes for this.  We’ve got to acknowledge that Jesus commands this and live it, or we have to admit that we just don’t want to do it, and then figure out what religion we actually follow.
But before you walk away…thinking you just don’t have the ability to love like Jesus does…listen to something else Bonhoeffer says, “The love for our enemies takes us along the way of the cross and into fellowship with the Crucified. The more we are driven along this road, the more certain is the victory of love over our enemies’ hatred. For then it is not the disciple’s own love, but the love of Jesus Christ alone, who for the sake of his enemies went to the cross and prayed for them as he hung there.” (Cost of Discipleship, page 150).
In the front of most church sanctuaries you will see the signs that point to where this “love” from the Sermon on the Mount springs from.   There is, first and foremost, the cross.  And then there is the altar where we celebrate the Eucharist.  I can think of no other greater symbols of forgiveness and reconciliation than these, both of which sit before most Christian week after week, inviting us to remember that Jesus was born, lived, died and rose again to make us—who were once the enemies of God—into Children of God.  
I do not expect that Jesus, when he said this, intended us to be able to master loving our enemies in a few short moments, or even that we would be able to do it under our own power or will.  (I am not sure, however, why he said that his yoke was easy or his burden was light, especially when I am forced to give my anger and hatred over to his love…) But perhaps this is why, in many traditions, we are invited to “sup” with Jesus on a regular basis.  The more frequently we encounter forgiveness, the more ready we are to offer it when it is required.


Wednesday, February 19, 2014

Epiphany 6A "A Life Immersed in Grace"

Image courtesy of Hemanoleon Clipart
http://www.cruzblanca.org/hermanoleon/byn/rc/ev2vi15.gif
Emeril Lagasse.  Upon hearing his name some of you immediately thought of one of his famous sayings.  Either you saw the image of him tossing spices into a pot and saying, “BAM!” or you thought of “I’m gonna kick it up a little” or “I’m gonna kick it up a notch.”  There is the way the recipe is written, and then there is the way Emeril makes it.
When I read or hear the passages from the Sermon on the Mount, which we will hear more from next week, I have to force myself to remember two things that Jesus said in the passage you heard last week.  These teachings of Jesus are framed by the statements, “I have come to fulfill the law and the prophets” and “”Unless your righteousness exceeds that of the Scribes and Pharisees.” Meaning he’s come to kick it up a notch.  There is the way the Law is written, and then there is the way that Jesus calls us to live it.
The Greek word behind “fulfill” means to fill to the full, to complete, to bring to realization, or to accomplish. 
So Jesus is saying, “I have come to make the letter of the Law complete…to show you how it works in day to day.”
Because here’s the truth.  We are creatures of rationalization.  We love the loophole. What do I mean by the loophole?
There’s a light hearted jab that goes back and forth between Greek and Russian Orthodox Christians when it comes to fasting. It was something I learned during the couple of years I spent in the Orthodox Church.  During seasons of fasting, like Great Lent, Orthodox Christians refrain from All Meat, All Dairy, Eggs, Wine and Oil.  The joke is that the Greeks say “No wine means no alcohol at all; no oil means no olive oil but canola, corn, peanut, etc. are okay.”  But the Russians say, “No oil means no oil at all; but no wine means no wine, vodka, on the other hand…vodka is okay.”  
Rationalization sounds like this statement: “I quit smoking in June 1996 and I haven’t smoked a cigarette ever since.  That being said, I have been known to enjoy a cigar from time to time…but since I don’t inhale, I’m not really smoking, right?”
We are creatures of rationalization.  We are lovers of the loophole.  In these teachings Jesus says, “No more loopholes; stop rationalizing your behavior.”  
John Wesley challenged his societies and class meeting to live by Three Rules.  The first two fit this fairly well.  Wesley said, “First of all, do no harm. Secondly, do all the good you can to all the people you can, in all the ways that you can, as long as ever you can.”  
Do no harm is pretty easy for most of us.  Don’t hurt people.  Don’t rob, don’t murder, don’t rape.  For a great portion of the population those are easy.  Do no harm.  But when you add the second rule of do good, it takes it up a notch.  Don’t just refrain from harming others, do good deeds for people.  Do good deeds to all of them.  Do as much good as you can, and do it as frequently as you can.  See the difference between do no harm and do good?
So what Jesus says is, “don’t just be satisfied with not killing your neighbor who upsets you…don’t even be angry.  In fact, if you think you may have caused someone else to be upset with you, seek that person out and be reconciled.” 
Think about that one for just a minute. How many people do you think you may have made upset with you in a given day?  Depending on the person, it may not take much to make them upset.  Not actually stopping to see how they respond to the greeting, “How are you doing?”  That upsets some people.  Cutting people off in traffic, that upsets some people.  Having a cartload of groceries in the express line, that upsets some people.  Having a different opinion from someone is cause for making people mad anymore.  But when we think of anger, usually what we’re most concerned with are those we’re upset with, not those we may have harmed—intentionally or otherwise.
I had a parishioner come up to me once, because in a statement I had made in a small group study where I thought I was complimenting her faith walk, she was under the impression that I had mocked her.  I had no idea that I had hurt her feelings until she came to me, but I also wasn’t in place where I was thinking about whether what I said could cause pain to others.  How many of people out there have been harmed by our words, even if we didn’t mean it?
Ultimately what Jesus is teaching us, is that our outward actions are guided by what goes on in our hearts.  And just living in the realm of “I didn’t actually do the deed” doesn’t really cut it.  He addresses the contentious issues of his time, but I would say that there are other issues that could be included beyond just the “hot topics” of his day.  
One scholar points out, “By collapsing the distinction between thought and action, this extension of the law against adultery to include lust suggests that no one should be regarded as a sex object. The burden here is placed on the man: women are not responsible for enticing men into sexual misadventures.”*  The following references (of cutting off arms and gouging out eyes) “are hyperbole used by Jesus to emphasize the need for integrity of self in terms of the relationship between intent and action, between attitude and practice.”**
Other people, women or men, are not meant to be objects of sexuality, or objects of wrath, or objects to be conquered on our pathway to success. The more we objectify the easier it becomes to dehumanize, the easier it becomes to dismiss sacred worth.
Some colleagues of mine back in the U.S. were recently discussing on Facebook whether or not we could/should rank sins.  There were a variety of responses, as I’m sure there are a number of different thoughts happening right now about ranking sin.  I won’t ask you to raise your hands or identify one way or the other, so don’t worry. But what our discussion had me thinking about again was the idea of justification and rationalization.  I haven’t killed anyone…even though your anger may have reached a point of killing your relationship with that person or you are completely disinterested in seeking reconciliation with someone.  
One of my favorite passages from the gospels is the parable of the Pharisee and the Tax Collector. The Pharisee is living a life of comparative piety.  I am not like “those people”…whereas the Tax Collector is only aware of how much he is in need of mercy and grace.
In the end, perhaps this is exactly where Jesus is calling us to land, spiritually speaking: aware of how much we still need mercy and grace. One pastor says that Jesus “is not just giving moral commands. He is veiling a new way of being human.”***

 So there is some danger in taking what Jesus says here and making it into a new form legalism; after all, legalism just means more loopholes.  Jesus doesn’t want legalism, and he is even less interested in loopholes; he wants us to explore what living with love, and a life immersed in grace, looks like.



* Amy Jill Levine “Matthew,” in The Women’s Bible Commentary quoted by Marcia Y. Riggs in the Theological Perspective of Sixith Sunday after the Epiphany in Feasting on the Word.

** Marcia Y Riggs. “Theological Perspective: Sixth Sunday after the Epiphany” Feasting on the Word: Year A, Volume 1, Advent through Transfiguration.

*** Edwin Chr. Van Driel “Exegetical Perspective: Sixth Sunday after Epiphany.” Feasting on the Word: Year A, Volume 1, Advent through Transfiguration.


Monday, February 17, 2014

Post Run Ponderings

I was walking home after finishing my run this morning and as I crossed a street a thought rolled through my head: "I miss the days of being able to run six or seven miles like it was no big deal."

A few months ago--close to six months ago now that I really think about it--we were living in Sasebo and if I said, "I'm going for a quick run" that meant I was going for a three-ish mile run.  Tuesday lunch runs were quick runs squeezed into a 90-minute lunch hour.  Normal runs were anywhere from four to six miles.  Long runs on the weekend were six to eight miles, occasionally longer.

Now I live in the 5k range on a regular basis and there are days where that reality just totally kicks my emotional ass.  Today was one of those days.

I was on the brink of saying, "I shouldn't even think of myself as a runner anymore" when my inner counselor told my inner sad sack to knock that shit off.

What is it about labels?  There was a time when I didn't consider myself "a runner." I was someone who had to run to meet certain physical standards to keep my job and be vital in my work and ministry, but "a runner?" Psh.  Not me!

Then one day I found out I really was "a runner" and it was liberating and kind of frightening all at the same time.  "When did I begin thinking of myself as 'a runner'?"

Of course, maybe I'm just a little too "in my own head."

But I realized that we do this thing with labels in other aspects of our lives as well.  I have seen in first hand in the church.  People hit spiritual rough spots and spend some time away from the church and if you ask them, they would not say they really don't identify with the label "Christian."

What I am learning as I get acclimatized to running in a new location is that I have to take each run as its own experience and its own gift: learn from it, and then get back out there again tomorrow.  The run may not be pretty, and I may not feel "unstoppable" as I suck wind and gasp through my bronchial issues, but it's a run.  Or, as I like to say on my daily mile posts, "at least I got miles."

One of my spiritual mentors once said, "There are times when the daily office will feel like sand in your mouth as you pray it, but by showing up you make yourself available to the Spirit."  That's why I keep lacing up, even when I don't know if it's going to be pretty, even though I'm not where I was one year ago.  By lacing up, I am making myself available to today's run, and today's lesson, what ever that may be.